- What is ConcourseCD and how does it differ from other CI/CD tools?
- Describe the architecture of ConcourseCD.
- What are the key components of a Concourse pipeline?
- How do you define a pipeline in ConcourseCD?
- What is a resource in Concourse and how is it used?
- Explain the concept of jobs in Concourse pipelines.
- What are tasks in Concourse and how are they defined?
- How do you trigger a pipeline manually in Concourse?
- What is the role of the `fly` CLI in Concourse?
- How do you install and configure ConcourseCD?
- How does Concourse handle pipeline versioning and updates?
- Can ConcourseCD run in Kubernetes? Explain the setup process.
- What are Concourse workers and how are they managed?
- How does Concourse handle secrets and credentials?
- What are resource types in Concourse and how can you create custom ones?
- What is the `put` step used for in Concourse pipelines?
- How can you use Docker containers in Concourse tasks?
- What is a task image in Concourse and how do you specify one?
- How do you debug a failed task in Concourse?
- What does the `get` step do in a pipeline?
- Can you describe a real-world use case of ConcourseCD?
- How does Concourse ensure isolation between tasks?
- What are pipeline groups in Concourse and how are they useful?
- How can you secure your Concourse web UI?
- What are hooks in Concourse tasks and how are they used?
- How does Concourse handle parallel job execution?
- Can you rollback deployments using ConcourseCD?
- How do you use environment variables in Concourse pipelines?
- What are some of the best practices when working with Concourse pipelines?
- What logging and monitoring options are available for Concourse?
- Can Concourse be integrated with Slack or other notification tools?
- How do you test your pipeline configuration before running it?
- What is the `aggregate` step and when should it be used?
- What authentication options are available for the Concourse web UI?
- Explain the role of TSA and ATC in Concourse architecture.
- What is the significance of the ATC (API and Task Controller) in Concourse?
- What does TSA (Turbulence Security Agent) do in Concourse?
- How can you scale Concourse horizontally?
- What is a build plan in Concourse and how is it structured?
- How can you reuse pipeline configuration across projects?
- Can you define and use matrix builds in Concourse?
- How does Concourse handle concurrency in pipelines?
- What does `max-in-flight` mean in a Concourse job configuration?
- What strategies are available for pipeline failure handling in Concourse?
- Explain how `passed` constraints work in triggering jobs.
- How do you dynamically generate pipeline tasks?
- How do you manage pipeline state between builds in Concourse?
- How can you run tests in parallel in Concourse?
- Describe how you would set up a promotion flow with Concourse pipelines.
- Can you store pipeline configurations in version control? How?
- What kind of pipeline visualization does Concourse provide?
- Is it possible to archive or delete old builds in Concourse?
- What are pinned resources and when would you use them?
- Explain the use of the `across` step in Concourse pipelines.
- How can Concourse be extended using custom resource types?
- How do you handle conditional logic in Concourse tasks?
- What are interruptible tasks and why are they important?
- How can you implement canary deployments with Concourse?
- What are pipeline variables and how can you securely inject them?
- How do you implement blue-green deployments using Concourse?
- Explain how you monitor worker health in Concourse.
- Can Concourse handle multi-cloud or hybrid deployments?
- What are job inputs and outputs and how are they declared?
- What is FluxCD and what problems does it solve in the CI/CD pipeline?
- How does FluxCD implement GitOps principles?
- What components make up the FluxCD architecture?
- How does FluxCD interact with Git repositories?
- What are sources in FluxCD and what types are supported?
- Explain the role of the FluxCD source-controller.
- What is Kustomize and how is it used with FluxCD?
- What is a Kustomization in FluxCD?
- How do you install FluxCD on a Kubernetes cluster?
- How do you bootstrap a GitOps repository using FluxCD?
- What is the `flux bootstrap` command used for?
- What are some advantages of using FluxCD over traditional CI/CD tools?
- What is the difference between HelmRelease and Kustomization in FluxCD?
- How does FluxCD detect and apply changes from Git?
- How do you configure sync intervals in FluxCD?
- What is the purpose of the image automation controllers in FluxCD?
- How do image update automation and policies work in FluxCD?
- What is an ImageRepository in FluxCD?
- How can you implement rollback in FluxCD?
- What are alerts and how are they configured in FluxCD?
- What is the role of NotificationController in FluxCD?
- Can you integrate Slack or Microsoft Teams for FluxCD notifications?
- How does FluxCD handle secrets and sensitive data?
- What is sealed-secrets and how can it be used with FluxCD?
- What is the benefit of using `GitRepository` objects in FluxCD?
- How do health checks work in FluxCD deployments?
- How can you debug sync failures in FluxCD?
- What is the difference between reconciliation and garbage collection in FluxCD?
- Can you use FluxCD with multiple Git repositories?
- How does FluxCD compare with ArgoCD?
- What kind of logging and observability does FluxCD offer?
- How do you pause a FluxCD reconciliation?
- How can FluxCD be used in multi-tenant environments?
- What is the difference between pull-based and push-based deployment models?
- How does FluxCD achieve high availability and scalability?
- Can you explain the role of reconciliation loops in FluxCD?
- How do you manage large-scale microservices deployments using FluxCD?
- Can FluxCD be used with private Git repositories?
- What authentication mechanisms does FluxCD support for Git access?
- How does FluxCD support Helm-based deployments?
- What are HelmRepositories and HelmReleases in FluxCD?
- How can you set up multi-environment deployments in FluxCD?
- What are FluxCD’s best practices for Git repository structure?
- Can you trigger manual syncs in FluxCD? If so, how?
- How do you upgrade FluxCD controllers safely?
- How does FluxCD handle errors during sync or reconciliation?
- Can you integrate FluxCD with external secret management tools like Vault or SOPS?
- What does `suspend: true` do in a FluxCD resource definition?
- How do you validate FluxCD configurations before deployment?
- What are some common mistakes while using FluxCD?
- How does FluxCD handle deployment ordering across multiple resources?
- Can you apply RBAC with FluxCD operations?
- What are health checks in FluxCD and how are they configured?
- How would you ensure auditability and traceability in a FluxCD-based system?
- Can you integrate FluxCD with Prometheus and Grafana for monitoring?
- How does FluxCD compare with Jenkins X in terms of GitOps capabilities?
- What is a multi-tenancy pattern and how can FluxCD be used to implement it?
- Explain how garbage collection works in FluxCD.
- Can FluxCD be used for edge or IoT deployment scenarios?
- Describe a real-world use case where FluxCD improved the deployment process.
- What kind of team workflows can be enforced using FluxCD?
- Can you use FluxCD in a GitLab environment?
- How do `dependsOn` relationships work in FluxCD?
- How do you implement canary or blue-green deployments with FluxCD?
- What is Spinnaker and what problem does it solve in DevOps?
- What are the core components of Spinnaker?
- Explain the concept of pipelines in Spinnaker.
- How does Spinnaker support multi-cloud deployments?
- Which cloud providers does Spinnaker support out of the box?
- What is the role of Clouddriver in Spinnaker?
- Describe the responsibilities of Orca in Spinnaker architecture.
- How do you define a pipeline template in Spinnaker?
- Can you version control Spinnaker pipelines?
- What is the role of Rosco in Spinnaker?
- How does Spinnaker handle artifact management?
- Explain how canary deployments are implemented in Spinnaker.
- What are the different stages available in a Spinnaker pipeline?
- How can you use webhooks in Spinnaker pipelines?
- What is the purpose of Fiat in Spinnaker?
- Describe how Spinnaker integrates with Kubernetes.
- What is Halyard and how is it used in Spinnaker?
- How do you monitor pipeline execution in Spinnaker?
- What are triggers in Spinnaker and how do they work?
- Can Spinnaker deploy serverless applications?
- What logging and monitoring tools integrate well with Spinnaker?
- How do you implement RBAC (Role-Based Access Control) in Spinnaker?
- Explain how Spinnaker supports rollback strategies.
- What authentication mechanisms are supported in Spinnaker?
- What is the purpose of Igor in Spinnaker?
- Can Spinnaker be deployed on-premise? If so, how?
- Describe a real-world use case of using Spinnaker for CD.
- What is Kayenta in the context of Spinnaker?
- How can Spinnaker handle deployment approvals?
- What are managed delivery features in Spinnaker?
- What are the benefits of using Spinnaker over Jenkins for CD?
- How does Spinnaker promote infrastructure as code (IaC)?
- How can you secure secrets and credentials in Spinnaker pipelines?
- Can Spinnaker be used with GitOps practices?
- What are custom stages in Spinnaker and how are they created?
- What strategies can be used in Spinnaker for blue/green deployments?
- How do you configure notifications in Spinnaker pipelines?
- What databases are used to store Spinnaker's state and data?
- Can you explain how to integrate Jenkins with Spinnaker?
- What is the difference between manual judgment and pipeline approval?
- How do you promote builds across environments in Spinnaker?
- How do you handle pipeline parameters in Spinnaker?
- Describe how Spinnaker works with Helm charts and Kubernetes manifests.
- How does Spinnaker support high availability and scalability?
- What is the role of Echo in the Spinnaker ecosystem?
- How would you perform health checks on deployed applications using Spinnaker?
- What is a bake stage in Spinnaker and what does it do?
- Can you configure pipeline retries in case of failures in Spinnaker?
- How can you use Spinnaker to deploy to multiple clusters or regions?
- How do you integrate HashiCorp Vault with Spinnaker?
- Explain the concept of pipeline inheritance in Spinnaker templates.
- What metrics or KPIs would you monitor for Spinnaker pipelines?
- Can you export and import Spinnaker pipelines across environments?
- What are the common deployment strategies supported by Spinnaker?
- How does Spinnaker integrate with Docker registries?
- Explain the role of caching in Clouddriver and how to manage it.
- Can Spinnaker execute database migrations as part of the pipeline?
- What does the deck service do in Spinnaker?
- How can you extend Spinnaker with custom plugins?
- Describe Spinnaker’s approach to continuous verification of deployments.
- How would you scale Spinnaker services in a Kubernetes environment?
- How do you integrate Slack or email notifications into Spinnaker?
- What are the common challenges faced while using Spinnaker?
- Describe the use of managed delivery in a real-world project.
- How can Spinnaker facilitate compliance and audit requirements?
- What is TeamCity and how does it fit into the CI/CD pipeline?
- How do you set up a new build configuration in TeamCity?
- What are build agents in TeamCity and how are they managed?
- How do you trigger builds in TeamCity?
- What is a build step in TeamCity?
- Can you integrate TeamCity with version control systems like Git?
- What is the purpose of build artifacts in TeamCity?
- How do you handle dependencies between builds in TeamCity?
- What is a snapshot dependency in TeamCity?
- How do you set up a build trigger based on a schedule in TeamCity?
- What types of VCS roots are supported in TeamCity?
- How does TeamCity support parallel builds?
- What is the difference between build templates and build configurations?
- Explain how you use build parameters in TeamCity.
- What is the function of a meta-runner in TeamCity?
- How can you integrate TeamCity with issue tracking tools like Jira?
- What is the purpose of build chains in TeamCity?
- How does TeamCity handle test results and code coverage?
- Can you explain TeamCity’s integration with Docker?
- How do you create custom notifications in TeamCity?
- How do you use TeamCity REST API?
- How do you set up and use agent pools in TeamCity?
- What are agent requirements in TeamCity?
- How do you troubleshoot failed builds in TeamCity?
- What is the use of service messages in TeamCity?
- How can you manage build history in TeamCity?
- Explain the backup and restore strategy in TeamCity.
- What is the TeamCity Kotlin DSL and how is it used?
- Can you use TeamCity with cloud platforms like AWS or Azure?
- What security mechanisms does TeamCity support?
- How can TeamCity be configured for high availability?
- What is the difference between personal builds and regular builds in TeamCity?
- How does TeamCity handle pull request builds?
- What plugins are commonly used with TeamCity?
- How can you archive old builds in TeamCity?
- Can TeamCity support multi-branch pipelines? How?
- Explain the concept of typed parameters in TeamCity.
- How can TeamCity be integrated with Slack or other messaging platforms?
- What are build failure conditions in TeamCity?
- How can you pass secrets or credentials securely in TeamCity?
- What are the recommended best practices for naming build configurations in TeamCity?
- How do you manage concurrent builds on limited agents?
- What is the TeamCity agent push feature?
- How can you rerun a failed build step in TeamCity?
- Can TeamCity trigger builds on specific Git branch updates?
- Describe the role of the .teamcity directory in versioned settings.
- What are composite builds in TeamCity?
- How do you enforce quality gates in TeamCity pipelines?
- How does TeamCity compare to Jenkins or GitLab CI/CD?
- Can you implement conditional steps in TeamCity pipelines?
- How can you integrate SonarQube with TeamCity?
- Describe TeamCity’s support for build caching.
- What is an artifact dependency in TeamCity?
- What is the process of upgrading a TeamCity server?
- How do you handle shared resources in TeamCity builds?
- Can you implement deployment pipelines in TeamCity?
- How can you disable a failing build configuration temporarily?
- How can you view build logs and debug failures in TeamCity?
- Explain the role of "promote build" functionality in TeamCity.
- Can TeamCity handle matrix builds (multi-configuration)?
- What is Tekton and how does it differ from other CI/CD tools?
- What are the core components of Tekton?
- What is a Tekton Task and how is it structured?
- What is a TaskRun in Tekton?
- Explain the concept of a Pipeline in Tekton.
- How do you trigger a PipelineRun in Tekton?
- What are Workspaces in Tekton and why are they important?
- What are Tekton Triggers and how are they used?
- How do you handle secrets in Tekton pipelines?
- How can you define dependencies between tasks in a Tekton pipeline?
- What is the role of the Tekton Dashboard?
- How do you reuse tasks across pipelines in Tekton?
- What is a ClusterTask in Tekton?
- What happens if a Task fails during pipeline execution?
- How does Tekton integrate with Kubernetes?
- What are the best practices for writing Tekton Tasks?
- Explain how resource inputs and outputs work in Tekton.
- How can you implement conditional execution in Tekton pipelines?
- Can you run Tekton Pipelines in a GitOps workflow?
- What tools can be used to monitor and debug Tekton pipelines?
- How does Tekton manage parallel execution of tasks?
- What are the main benefits of using Tekton?
- How do you validate Tekton resource definitions?
- Explain Tekton Hub and its purpose.
- How can Tekton be integrated with GitHub Actions or other CI systems?
- Can Tekton be used for CD (Continuous Deployment)?
- Describe how parameters are passed to tasks in Tekton.
- How would you migrate a Jenkins pipeline to Tekton?
- What are Tekton resources and how are they used?
- What is the role of the entrypoint binary in Tekton tasks?
- How do retries work in Tekton pipelines?
- What are limitations of Tekton and how do you work around them?
- How do you manage long-running tasks in Tekton?
- What is Tekton Chains and what problems does it solve?
- How do you implement rollback mechanisms using Tekton?
- Can Tekton be used in a hybrid or multi-cloud environment?
- Explain the use of annotations in Tekton tasks or pipelines.
- How do you handle task failure notifications in Tekton?
- What is a Tekton Condition and how does it work?
- Can you explain how Tekton supports SLSA (Supply Chain Levels for Software Artifacts)?
- How do you create a reusable pipeline template in Tekton?
- Explain how environment variables are managed in Tekton tasks.
- What is Tekton Operator and how does it simplify management?
- How can Tekton be used for container image building and deployment?
- Describe Tekton's compatibility with Helm and Kustomize.
- How do you pass secrets securely to a task without exposing them?
- What version control systems does Tekton support?
- Explain Tekton's architecture and its scalability in large environments.
- Can you use Tekton for ML model training pipelines?
- What is the use of `finally` tasks in Tekton pipelines?
- How do you log and trace execution of pipelines and tasks in Tekton?
- Explain the lifecycle of a PipelineRun in Tekton.
- What are Tekton Bundles and why are they useful?
- How do you trigger pipelines on external events using Tekton Triggers?
- What is a TriggerTemplate in Tekton?
- What is an EventListener in Tekton Triggers?
- How does Tekton handle pipeline versioning and upgrades?
- Can Tekton pipelines interact with other Kubernetes resources?
- How do you secure your Tekton installation in a production environment?
- Is it possible to define pipelines as code using GitOps with Tekton?
- Can Tekton run in a disconnected or air-gapped environment?
- Explain how to schedule recurring tasks or pipelines in Tekton.
- How do you customize Tekton CLI (tkn) output?
- How does Tekton compare with Argo Workflows?
- What is the purpose of `when` expressions in Tekton pipelines?
- What is Wercker and how does it support continuous integration?
- How does Wercker differ from other CI/CD tools like Jenkins or Travis CI?
- What is a Wercker pipeline and what are its main components?
- How do you define a pipeline in a Wercker `wercker.yml` file?
- What is the function of the `build` step in Wercker?
- Can Wercker be integrated with Docker? How?
- What are Wercker steps and how are they reused across pipelines?
- How do you create a custom step in Wercker?
- What is the difference between `build`, `deploy`, and `release` pipelines in Wercker?
- How does Wercker handle environment variables?
- Can Wercker be self-hosted or is it only cloud-based?
- How do you use conditional execution in Wercker pipelines?
- Explain the concept of Wercker containers and why they are useful.
- What programming languages and frameworks does Wercker support?
- How do you handle secrets securely in Wercker?
- Is it possible to trigger a Wercker build via a webhook? How?
- How can you test your `wercker.yml` file locally before pushing to the repo?
- What happens if a step fails in a Wercker pipeline?
- Can you use Wercker to deploy to Kubernetes or AWS?
- Explain how caching works in Wercker to speed up builds.
- What is the significance of the `box` property in the `wercker.yml` file?
- How do you set up multi-stage builds in Wercker?
- Can you store build artifacts in Wercker? If yes, how?
- Describe the logging and debugging options available in Wercker.
- How does Wercker handle parallel steps or jobs?
- What are default services in Wercker and how are they used?
- What are the limitations of using Wercker for enterprise CI/CD?
- Can Wercker be integrated with version control systems like GitHub or Bitbucket?
- What is a `script` step in Wercker and when would you use it?
- Describe a use case where Wercker would be preferred over Jenkins.
- How do you manage build notifications in Wercker?
- Is there a CLI available for Wercker? What can it be used for?
- Can you explain how to deploy from Wercker to a cloud provider?
- How do you troubleshoot a failed step in Wercker?
- How does Wercker support microservices deployment?
- Explain how to chain multiple pipelines in Wercker.
- What are best practices when writing `wercker.yml` files?
- Can Wercker support multi-cloud deployments? If so, how?
- What plugins or integrations are available for Wercker?
- How do you rollback a deployment using Wercker?
- Can you define multiple deploy targets in Wercker? How?
- How does Wercker handle branch-specific builds?
- How is Wercker integrated with container registries like Docker Hub?
- Describe the difference between inline and external steps in Wercker.
- How do you secure access to deployment targets in Wercker pipelines?
- Can Wercker run steps in parallel? Explain the method.
- What is the default base image used in Wercker containers?
- How do you integrate Wercker with Slack or other notification tools?
- What debugging options are available when a Wercker build fails?
- Can you create reusable shared pipelines in Wercker?
- How does Wercker handle pull request workflows?
- Can you trigger a pipeline manually in Wercker? How?
- Explain the benefits of using Docker-based pipelines in Wercker.
- What does the `entrypoint` do in a Dockerized Wercker build?
- How do you persist data between Wercker pipeline steps?
- What are common pitfalls when using Wercker and how to avoid them?
- How does Wercker interact with version control webhooks?
- Explain the lifecycle of a Wercker build from commit to deploy.
- What are the limitations of the free tier on Wercker?
- How do you control concurrency of builds in Wercker?
- Is Wercker still being actively developed and maintained?
- Can Wercker be used for mobile app deployment?
- Describe a real-world use case where Wercker improved deployment efficiency.
- How do you manage secrets across multiple pipelines in Wercker?
